CalculateRoofPitch

How to Calculate Slope Angle from Rise/Run, Percent, or Pitch

· ~1 min read

Slope angle in degrees is the inverse tangent of rise over run, converted from radians by multiplying by 180/π. The math is one line; the calculator above handles every input format and shows the result instantly.

This guide walks through the formula, three worked examples, and a reference table for the angles you will see most often.

The formula

Angle in degrees = arctan(rise ÷ run) × (180 ÷ π). Most calculators have a built-in arctan or "tan⁻¹" function. The factor 180/π ≈ 57.296 converts radians to degrees.

In one line: angle (°) = atan(rise/run) × 57.296.

Worked examples

From a 4/12 roof pitch: arctan(4/12) × 57.296 = arctan(0.333) × 57.296 ≈ 18.43°.

From a 6% road grade: arctan(0.06) × 57.296 ≈ 3.43°.

From a measured rise of 9 inches over 36 inches of run: arctan(9/36) × 57.296 = arctan(0.25) × 57.296 ≈ 14.04° — which is also a 3/12 pitch.

Slope angle quick reference — pitch, grade %, and degrees
Roof pitchSlope (rise/run)Slope %Angle (degrees)
1/120.0838.3%4.76°
2/120.16716.7%9.46°
3/120.25025.0%14.04°
4/120.33333.3%18.43°
5/120.41741.7%22.62°
6/120.50050.0%26.57°
7/120.58358.3%30.26°
8/120.66766.7%33.69°
9/120.75075.0%36.87°
10/120.83383.3%39.81°
11/120.91791.7%42.51°
12/121.000100%45.00°
16/121.333133.3%53.13°
18/121.500150%56.31°
24/122.000200%63.43°

Need to run the numbers?Use the free roof pitch calculator on the home page to convert pitch to angle, calculate rafter length, or estimate roof area in any unit.

Frequently asked questions

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CalculateRoofPitch Editorial Team

Editorial team — construction reference content

Our editorial team produces and maintains this reference site. Every formula, code reference, material specification, and price range is checked against authoritative primary sources — the 2024 International Residential Code, current manufacturer technical bulletins, and published construction cost data — before publication and on a documented review cycle. For any project requiring engineered design, defer to a licensed structural engineer or architect familiar with your local conditions.

Last reviewed: May 2026 · See methodology →